Author: Samantha Bawden

As the world marks International Women’s Day on March 8, the Australian Resources and Energy Employer Association (AREEA) is celebrating women who have shaped and those who continue to make their mark in Australia’s resources and energy sector.As part of its national TRAILBLAZERS campaign, AREEA is showcasing female pioneers and contemporary leaders contributing at every level of Australia’s resources sector — on site and offshore, in engineering and operations, in corporate and commercial roles and in executive leadership and boardrooms.In the Australian resources sector women hold only 25% of senior management roles, 32% of professional roles, 33% of apprentice roles and only 10% of technical and trades roles.Comparatively, 26% of chief executive role across all industries are held by women, yet only 8% of chief executive roles in the resources sector are held by women, according to AREEA.AREEA’s deputy chief executive Tara Diamond says these numbers highlight both the progress and the persistent gaps.“That’s why it’s critical that our industry actively recruits, retains and supports women so the next generation sees themselves reflected in the workforce, from site roles to the C-suite.”Some female industry TRAILBLAZER names are instantly recognisable, such as Hancock Prospecting executive chairman Gina Rinehart and Lynas Rare Earths (ASX: LYC) chief executive and managing director Amanda Lacaze.AREEA notes several other remarkable women whose achievements deserve recognition:Former Woodside executive vice president Eve Howell, who in 2006 assumed responsibility for the North West Shelf project, Australia’s largest and most complex resource development Marine Pilot shipmaster Carol Dooley, who in 2004 became the first woman in Australia to captain an LNG carrier and one of few female LNG captains in the world at that time“These Trailblazers demonstrate that incredible and groundbreaking role women have played and continue to play across technical excellence, leadership and innovation in the resources and energy industry,” Ms Diamond said.“International Women’s Day is a powerful reminder that while progress has been made, there is more to be done.“These women paved the way for future generations and helped build one of the most advanced, innovative and responsibly operated industries in the world.”Today, women continue to shape the future of Australia’s resources and energy sector, driving innovation, championing safety and sustainability and leading complex organisations through a rapidly changing energy and resources landscape.

The Queensland Government is reforming its resources safety framework after an independent review found Resources Safety and Health Queensland’s (RSHQ) governance to be lacking.The Resources Safety and Health Queensland and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2026 would implement the Queensland Government’s response to the 2025 review, which was conducted by The University of Queensland.The review, prepared by Professor Susan Johnston, found serious weaknesses in RSHQ’s governance, confusion around roles and a lack of clear accountability.The legislation proposes to address these deficiencies by establishing an independent skills-based Governing Board to strengthen oversight and accountability, streamline advisory structures and remove duplication.It will also transfer the statutory functions of the Commissioner for RSHQ to the new board to provide clearer lines of responsibility and stronger accountability.Increasing the coal mining safety and health advisory committee and the mining safety and health advisory committee functions to provide independent advice and enhance resources safety and health policy is also a target.Queensland Natural Resources and Mines Minister Dale Last says the review’s findings were sobering.“Every worker deserves to make it home safe to their family,” he said.According to SafeWork Australia, Queensland had the highest number of workplace deaths in 2024 out of all Australian states, accounting for 53 deaths out of 188.In the first week of January this year, two mine workers were killed in separate incidents at Mammoth underground coal mine and a gold operation near Nebo, southwest of Mackay.“The legislation we’ve introduced is making Queensland safer for every mine worker and will restore confidence in the resources safety framework,” Minister Last said.The bill also reforms the funding model for the land access ombudsman (LAO). The LAO will continue to be funded by the Queensland Government, with revised arrangements linking the LAO advisory council to Coexistence Queensland and repealing the industry levy and cost recovery funding model.“The Queensland Government wants to see more investment in Queensland’s resources sector which is why we will repeal legislation that would put the onus on mining companies to fund the LAO, removing unnecessary red tape and financial burden,” Minister Last said.“We are delivering a better lifestyle through a stronger economy by reducing industry costs so mining companies can get on with delivering jobs for Queenslanders.”

The Australian Resources and Energy Employer Association (AREEA) is lobbying for the revision of structural flaws as part of the Federal Government’s national employment standards (NES) review.As part of a submission to the House of Representatives Inquiry, AREEA calls on the Federal Government to use the NES review to fix Australia’s workplace laws, not expand entitlements or add more complexity and business costs, arguing that the central issue is the growing incoherence between the law and modern work practices.AREEA says the most urgent reform area is the application of public holiday provisions in 24/7 and remote workplaces, especially those in Australia’s mining sector.A 2023 Federal Court decision created confusion for employers operating continuous rosters, requiring them to request employees to work public holidays even where long-term roster arrangements already incorporate those days.AREEA chief executive Steve Knott says the NES review must fix what’s broken.“Nearly 17 years after the Fair Work Act was introduced, the system no longer reflects how work is actually performed, particularly in continuous, shift-based and FIFO operations that underpin Australia’s resources and energy sector,” he said.“In remote and offshore environments, employees cannot simply walk off site or down tools on a public holiday.“The law currently assumes a traditional Monday-to-Friday workplace. That is not how Australia’s resources industry and many others operate.”AREEA is calling for clear statutory rules that allow roster-based public holiday notifications for continuous operations, clarify how refusals are assessed in FIFO contexts and prevent double payment where public holidays are already priced into annualised salaries.“This is about restoring common sense and coherence to the safety net, not reducing employee protections,” Mr Knott said.“Our workplace laws must recognise that many employees are already compensated for working an assumed number of public holidays each year.AREEA also warned that prescriptive award-based record-keeping obligations attached to annualised salaries have become a major source of technical non-compliance, even where employees are paid well above award rates.“In many remote operations, highly skilled employees are paid guaranteed annual earnings significantly above minimum standards. Award rates become largely irrelevant,” Mr Knott said.“Yet employers are required to operate parallel time-recording systems solely to satisfy award technicalities that have no impact on pay outcomes.“The system has shifted from protecting employees against underpayment to penalising employers for paperwork defects.”AREEA’s submission also calls for moderation of annualised salary record-keeping rules, safe harbour compliance mechanisms and simplification of reconciliation requirements in 24/7 and roster-based environments.More than 15 years have passed since the Fair Work Act was implemented and over that period, significant changes in industry structure, technology and social expectations have occurred.Modern awards were intended by the Federal Government to supplement the NES, by providing a limited number of additional minimum standards tailored to particular industries and occupations, rather than requiring the NES itself to accommodate all forms of work.In AREEA’s view, this framework has been progressively undermined by judicial interpretation that seeks to shoehorn modern, flexible and salaried work arrangements into rigid NES concepts that were never designed for that purpose“The NES was designed to be clear, simple and enforceable,” Mr Knott said.“Instead, years of court rulings and piecemeal changes to the law have turned it into a source of duplication, uncertainty and litigation risk.“This review is an opportunity to modernise the safety net for modern work. It should not be used to expand regulation without evidence of need.”

The NSW Government has approved a six-year extension to the Dartbrook coal mine in the Hunter Valley, allowing operations to continue until December 2033.The mine’s current license allows for extraction of up to 6mtpa of coal and is valid until the end of 2027.The site has a history of financial challenges. The Dartbrook coal mine was placed into care and maintenance in late 2025, less than a year after new owners relaunched operations, after entering voluntary administration and receivership in July. This decision came after operators defaulted on a $202m loan.Later that month, as its financial standing deteriorated mass redundancies occurred across the site that saw a workforce reduction of about two-thirds.According to an economic analysis conducted by the NSW Government, the extension, known as MOD8, has a projected net benefit to the economy of $471m, including $73m in gross wages, 240 direct jobs and 613 indirect jobs.If the maximum extraction rates were realised, the total revenue would extend to $1.28b, according to the NSW Government.Muswellbrook Shire Council has been supportive of the extension but has conveyed concerns if any further extensions were to be considered.In a letter to the NSW Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure, Muswellbrook Shire Council environmental planning director Sharon Pope said the original mine approvals were given in 2001 and were supported by an environmental impact statement (EIS) dated 2000.“Staff remain concerned that the original EIS no longer reflects current standards,” she said.“The age of the baseline data raises doubts about its reliability. Given these uncertainties, staff recommend no further time extensions after MOD8 unless comprehensive, up-to-date assessments are completed.”Underground mining has been approved at Dartbrook since 1991, however mining only occurred between 1996 to 2006.The previous operator, Anglo American, mothballed the site in 2006 following a series of safety challenges and operational concerns and three worker fatalities. The site had been idle for 19 years prior to the initial restart in 2024.

For the US, controlling key resources is now almost indistinguishable from power projection.This has become increasingly noticeable with deep sea mining.Seabed minerals have gained geopolitical importance in recent years as the energy transition drives up critical mineral demand and supply chain concentration raises security concerns around choke points.Countries are seeking to diversify supply chains in numerous ways, from forming progressive bilateral trade frameworks, increasing domestic production investment and now exploring non-terrestrial resources.Rich in polymetallic nodules containing nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese — metals crucial to green energy infrastructure and advanced technologies — the sea floor of the Pacific Ocean is of particular interest to deep sea miners.The Clarion-Clipperton zone (CCZ), an abyssal plain stretching between Hawaii and Mexico, is a hotspot for deep sea mining exploration. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) regulates mineral-related activities in ‘the Area’ — the seabed beyond national jurisdiction — which covers about 54% of the world’s ocean area.Deep sea mining has been controversial from the get-go due to complex and often unclear authority associated with international waters.ISA secretary general Leticia Carvalho says current policy settings allow countries to pursue deep sea mining within their own territorial waters or “exclusive economic zones”.“But, under international law, the deep seabed belongs to no single country or corporation,” she said.“It is our common heritage.”Early last year, US President Donald Trump issued an executive order to advance deep-sea mining that would bypass the ISA in a move that reflects growing unilateralism within the US.Independent choices such as these places tension on already strained relationships that rely on collaboration and multilateral treaties for stability — especially when it comes to complex oceanic issues.The US’ move to fast-track deep-sea mining exacerbates existing tensions, such as those seen in the South China Sea where China and Japan have long disputed claims over territorial waters.Following the US’ move, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) consolidated previously fragmented permitting process to streamline deep sea mining approvals in the US.NOAA’s National Ocean Service also launched a new hydrographic survey project to map and characterise more than 55,000km2 of federal waters — an area abundant in polymetallic nodules rich in nickel, cobalt and rare earth elements — off American Samoa.Under international law, companies cannot mine in international waters without being officially sponsored by the relevant national government. This becomes particularly contentious within Pacific nations as they lie close together but are separately governed, like Samoa which is about only 80km from American Samoa.As a result, deep-sea mining companies see Pacific states as crucial partners to allow access reserved areas of the international seabed. This is potentially problematic as many of these states are considered developing countries and may lack the governance and authority to regulate the use of their territorial waters.New independent research commissioned by Greenpeace International shows that under a scenario where six deep sea mining sites begin operating in the early 2030s, the revenues that states would receive are extraordinarily small. This is in contrast to the mandate of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which requires mining to be carried out for the benefit of humankind as a whole.The research by legal professor Dr Harvey Mpoto Bombaka and development economist Dr Ben Tippet reveals that, under mechanisms proposed by the ISA profit sharing from deep sea mining, Pacific Island nations would receive about $65,000 per year in the short term, then about $350,000 per year in the medium term, averaging out to about $540,000 per year for 28 years.In contrast, according to the research, mining companies are projected to earn more than $19b per year."What’s described as global benefit-sharing based on equity and intergenerational justice increasingly looks like a framework for managing scarcity that would deliver almost no real benefits to anyone other than the deep sea mining industry,” Dr Mpoto Bombaka said.“The structural limitations of the proposed mechanism would offer little more than symbolic returns to the rest of the world, particularly developing countries lacking technological and financial capacity."Currently, 40 ISA member countries back a moratorium or precautionary pause on deep sea mining. The ISA will meet in March for its first session of the year.

A delegation of 16 critical minerals companies and WA Government representatives will make their way to Canada and the US in March to strengthen strategic partnerships.Mines and Petroleum Minister David Michael will lead the delegation to highlight WA’s battery, critical minerals and energy sectors and reaffirm WA’s long-standing relationships with Canada and the US.In 2024, Canada was Australia's fourth-largest source of foreign direct investment (FDI), with the stock of Canadian FDI in Australia valued at $84b.The US also remains a major economic partner, ranking as Australia's largest source market for FDI in 2024, valued at $235.3b.Engagement with the US will build on the bilateral framework on critical minerals and rare earths, signed between Australia and the US in October last year, that aims to accelerate priority projects and diversify supply chains.Mines and Petroleum Minister David Michael will lead the delegation to highlight WA’s battery, critical minerals and energy sectors and reaffirm WA’s long-standing relationships with Canada and the US.Across Toronto, New York and Washington DC, Minister Michael will meet with industry, investors and stakeholders, reinforcing WA’s position as a trusted, ethical and reliable supplier of critical minerals, which are essential to the global energy transition, defence and advanced manufacturing capabilities."This visit will strengthen our long-standing relationships with allied partners Canada and the US and support WA companies seeking investment and offtake partners for major critical minerals projects,” Minister Michael said."With both Canada and the US working to diversify supply chains, WA is exceptionally well placed to help meet their needs and to deepen collaboration across our shared economic and strategic priorities."

Federal Resources Minister Madeleine King has backed the potential reopening of Tasmania’s Mount Lyell copper mine which has been under care and maintenance since 2014.Mount Lyell, situated near Queenstown on Tasmania’s west coast, began production in 1894 as a copper mine with gold by-products. It is frequently cited as Australia’s oldest continuous mining field with more than $4b worth of metal estimated to be mined from the area.Following two deaths in December 2013, and a third fatality a month later, production was stopped and previous owner Copper Mines of Tasmania (CMT) placed the mine into care and maintenance in 2014.Sibanye-Stillwater acquired the mine in 2021 and recently advised Minister King that the company has completed its feasibility study into best options for re-establishment, with a board decision expected later this year.“The thing about this mine and what is very clear from speaking to Sibanye-Stillwater, is there is a lot in its favour on the reopening: the underground is now in very good shape, a lot of work has been carried out; very, very positive copper and gold prices, a great market, and it's an excellent deposit.” Minister King said in an interview to ABC Hobart Radio.CMT, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sibanye-Stillwater, holds the mining lease for the site including the established infrastructure and underground development.With both gold and copper, reaching record price highs in February 2026, and increased need for copper in establishing Australia’s clean energy future, Minister King has indicated the Federal Government is supportive and willing to assist in restart efforts.“I'll make sure I follow up my department on how we can assist if we need to assist” she said.“They've got plans for the site, but they do have to make sure they get that board approval.“And I'll be getting my department and myself and my office to put our shoulder to the wheel to make sure we can do whatever we can to make sure that happens.”

Alcoa (ASX: AAI) will further modernise approvals frameworks for its WA mining activities as the Federal Government reforms its Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act.Alcoa will undertake a strategic assessment of current and potential future mining areas through to 2045, to provide a holistic view of potential impacts to significant flora and fauna over a broad geographic area and provide stakeholders with greater clarity around the long-term future of mining operations.Operations at the Huntly and Willowdale bauxite mines, both located in WA, will continue while the assessment takes place under a national interest exemption (NIE) granted by the Federal Government.The assessment does not impact the ongoing accredited environmental assessment of the future Myara North and Holyoake mine regions of the Huntly mine under both WA and Federal Government environmental legislation.Alcoa will continue to limit annual clearing to 800ha, increase annual rates of new rehabilitation to 1000ha by 2027 and deliver environmental offsets in accordance with the EPBC Act.Late last year, the Federal Government passed the Environment Protection Reform Bill 2025 to streamline decision making and overhaul existing environmental policy.While Alcoa maintains it has operated in accordance with the EPBC Act as it currently stands, it has agreed to pay $55m (US$36) through enforceable undertakings that acknowledge historical clearing. The funding supports the health of the Northern Jarrah Forest, including programs and research that improve habitat for threatened species and control invasive flora and fauna.Alcoa president and chief executive William F Oplinger says Alcoa appreciates the Federal Government’s recognition of the important contributions of its operations to the Australian economy.“We are committed to responsible operations and welcome this important step in transitioning our approvals to a contemporary assessment process that provides increased certainty for our operations and our people into the future,” he said.“We’re proud of our more than 60 years as a leading Australian aluminium producer and the role we are now playing in support of critical minerals production.”Ministerial decisions are expected by the end of 2026 and Alcoa anticipates that mining in these new major regions will commence no earlier than 2029.The Minerals Council of Australia (MCA) has called for rapid finalisation of workable national environmental standards and bilateral assessment and approval accreditation agreements.According to the MCA, finalisation of national environmental standards, accreditation of all states for both assessments and approvals would be a major step forward for Australian mining companies.MCA chief executive Tania Constable says Alcoa’s decision is a strong example of government working together with industry to arrive at an outcome that is pragmatic and economically sensible while still being focused on improving environmental performance.“This outcome will allow Alcoa to undergo a more rigorous method of assessment while guaranteeing operations and thousands of jobs in the local WA community,” she said.“The recent changes to Australia’s environmental laws will have a significant impact on our sector, and many are still working to understand the impact on their operations.“Faster approvals for mines mean we can deliver the critical minerals and other commodities the world needs quicker, responsibly and more efficiently.”